Jiangxi Normal University
Zhihao Zhang

With the development of the ocean (blue) economy, ocean-related activities are becoming more and more frequent, and the number of maritime distress accidents is increasing year by year. Therefore, how to quickly search and rescue people in distress at sea on a large scale to reduce various losses is becoming more and more prominent. After analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of various existing maritime rescue equipment, conducting a questionnaire survey of users, and clarifying the needs of the victims and rescuers, this maritime rescue UAV is designed.
Using the advantages of the drone itself (mature technology, low search and rescue cost, flexible operation, wide application environment, etc.) for maritime search and rescue, it is faster and more efficient, and can better protect the life safety of rescuers, greatly reducing the danger of rescuers in the rescue process. Taking into account the endurance, anti-interference and anti-collision capabilities of the drone, the fuselage adopts a streamlined shape to reduce wind resistance; and uses composite materials such as carbon fiber, glass fiber, alloy, and basic materials such as resin, plastic, and rubber to improve its resistance Wind and wave ability. After discovering the person in danger, you can throw the lifebuoy "projectile" made of hydrophobic foam or isocyanate at a fixed point. After the "projectile" meets water, its main material isocyanate reacts with water to form a foam body to provide buoyancy for the person in danger. And this reaction emits a lot of heat, which can help people in distress in the water maintain their body temperature, thereby preventing people in distress from being injured due to hypothermia. Lifebuoy contains GPS and wireless communication devices, which can help rescuers grasp the location of the person in danger in real time, establish a connection between the two, and facilitate the second rescue of rescuers.
The drone can also conduct intelligent search through the set route. First, it is initially determined whether the object is a living body through an infrared thermal camera; then by comparing the image in the real-time image transmission system with the data in the large database containing the drowning person's posture, if it is judged that the drowning person may be drowning, it will automatically throw a life ring "projectile" at it and prompt nearby rescuers to search and rescue.
User functional requirements summarize the needs of people in distress: maintain vital signs and survive longer; transmit distress messages and shorten the waiting time for rescue. The needs of rescuers: to quickly search for and rescue people in distress on a large scale; to ensure their own life safety while rescuing. Use object: The combination of unmanned aerial vehicles and throwing devices is convenient for beach lifeguards and other maritime inspection and rescue personnel to search for the person in distress and to carry out preliminary rescue for the person in distress in a timely manner. It can further save labor and time costs and improve the efficiency of search and rescue activities. Function positioning: search and rescue the in-danger on the water, and throw lifebuoys with positioning and wireless communication functions for the in-danger. Preliminary rescue of the person in distress on the water provides a preliminary protection for the person in distress, and can understand the location and physical condition of the person in distress in real time, which is convenient for rescuers to carry out the next step of rescue more quickly and appropriately, and improve the risk of the person in distress. Rescue probability. Morphological positioning: The UAV adopts a streamlined shell design. In order to effectively reduce wind resistance, increase the speed of the UAV, strengthen its wind and wave resistance, and reduce energy consumption. At the same time, the streamlined organic shape is more beautiful and will not give people the feeling of being too indifferent. Material positioning: Considering the endurance, anti-interference and anti-collision capabilities of the drone, composite materials such as carbon fiber and glass fiber are used, as well as basic materials such as plastic and resin. Hydrophobic foam is isocyanate, which can react with water to form a foam to provide buoyancy. And this reaction emits a lot of heat, which can help the person in distress in the water maintain their body temperature, thereby preventing the person in distress from being injured by hypothermia.